In a Nutshell
State tax rates can vary widely. Knowing how different states tax personal income can help you understand how your state income tax burden stacks up in comparison to other states.This article was fact-checked by our editors and a member of the Credit Karma product specialist team, led by Senior Manager of Operations Christina Taylor.
Do you know your state’s tax rates and how your state tax burden compares to what Americans in other states pay?
Whether you live in Alabama or Wyoming, the federal government applies the same federal tax rates, brackets and rules to your taxable income as it does to every other individual taxpayer. But which state you earn income in can have a big impact on your state tax obligation.
States set their own tax rates and brackets. Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Texas, Washington and Wyoming don’t tax personal income at all. New Hampshire and Tennessee tax income from interest and dividends that exceed certain amounts, but not wages.
The other 41 states and the District of Columbia tax personal income — and each may use different methods to calculate the total amount of income tax due. Some only apply the corresponding tax rate to all the taxable income within that bracket. Others also add in a set amount of tax in addition to the amount calculated with the rate. And still others have a flat rate that applies to all income levels.
Let’s take a look at state individual income tax rates and how they compare.
Which states have personal income taxes?
These states and the District of Columbia tax all personal income.
*Provides free e-filing through a state website
What are the state tax rates and brackets?
Like the federal government, states with progressive income tax systems have tax rates and brackets. A tax bracket is a range of taxable income with a particular tax rate assigned to it.
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Alabama* |
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Ohio* |
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Utah* |
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Here’s a rundown of state tax rates. In some cases, 2019 information was not yet available, so we’ve included 2018 information. And for some states we relied on the state’s published instructions for calculating 2019 estimated tax payments. In the case of estimated payment instructions, the rates and amounts listed may vary from actual tax tables that the state will publish later, but generally they can be a good estimation of 2019 taxes. We also provided base standard deductions, where available, but some states may allow additional deductions for eligible taxpayers, such as those who are blind or 65 and older.
Alabama
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Alabama tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
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Single, married filing separately, head of household |
Married filing jointly |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate |
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
|
$0–$500 |
2% |
$0–$1,000 |
2% |
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$501–$3,000 |
4% |
$1,001–$6,000 |
4% |
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$3,001 and over |
5% |
$6,001 and over |
5% |
Source: Alabama Department of Revenue
Standard deduction: The Cotton State’s standard deduction depends on filing status and your Alabama adjusted gross income. Deduction amounts range from a high of $7,500 for joint filers with AGI of $20,499 or less to a low of $2,000 for single filers with Alabama AGI of $30,000 and over.
Arizona
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Arizona tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
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Single |
Married |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate |
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
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$0–$26,500 |
2.59% |
$0–$53,000 |
2.59% |
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$26,501–$53,000 |
3.34% |
$53,001–$106,000 |
3.34% |
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$53,001–$159,000 |
4.17% |
$106,001–$318,000 |
4.17% |
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$159,001 and over |
4.5% |
$318,001 and over |
4.5% |
Source: Arizona Department of Revenue
Standard deduction: Matches the federal standard deductions for 2019
Arkansas
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Arkansas estimated tax rates schedules for 2019 |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$0–$4,499 |
0% |
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$4,500–$8,899 |
2% |
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$8,900–$13,399 |
3% plus $87 |
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$13,400–$22,199 |
3.4% plus $222 |
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$22,200–$29,999 |
5% plus $695 |
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$30,000–$37,199 |
5% plus $1,085 |
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$37,200–$39,999 |
6% plus $1,445 |
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$40,000–$49,999 |
6% plus $1,612 |
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$50,000–$59,999 |
6% plus $2,212 |
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$60,000–$69,999 |
6% plus $2,812 |
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$70,000–$79,300 |
6% plus $3,412 |
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$79,301–$80,300 |
6.9% plus $4,065 |
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$80,301–$81,300 |
6.9% plus $4,234 |
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$81,301–$82,500 |
6.9% plus $4,403 |
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$82,501–$83,600 |
6.9% plus $4,586 |
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$83,601–$84,600 |
6.9% plus $4,762 |
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$84,601 and over |
6.9% plus $4,871 |
Source: State of Arkansas Estimated Tax Declaration Vouchers for 2019
Standard deduction
- $2,200 for the primary filer
- $4,400 for people married filing jointly ($2,200 for the primary filer plus $2,200 for the spouse)
California
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California withholding schedules for 2019 |
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Single/married filing separately |
Married filing jointly |
Head of household |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$0–$8,544 |
1.1% |
$0–$17,088 |
1.1% |
$0–$17,099 |
1.1% |
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$8,545–$20,255 |
2.2% plus $93.98 |
$17,089–$40,510 |
2.2% plus $187.97 |
$17,100–$40,512 |
2.2% plus $188.09 |
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$20,256–$31,969 |
4.4% plus $351.62 |
$40,511–$63,938 |
4.4% plus $703.25 |
$40,513–$52,224 |
4.4% plus $703.18 |
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$31,970–$44,377 |
6.6% plus $867.04 |
$63,939–$88,754 |
6.6% plus $1,734.08 |
$52,225–$64,632 |
6.6% plus $1,218.51 |
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$44,378–$56,085 |
8.8% plus $1,685.97 |
$88,755–$112,170 |
8.8% plus $3,371.94 |
$64,633–$76,343 |
8.8% plus $2,037.44 |
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$56,086–$286,492 |
10.23% plus $2,716.27 |
$112,171–$572,984 |
10.23% plus $5,432.55 |
$76,344–$389,627 |
10.23% plus $3,068.01 |
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$286,493–$343,788 |
11.33% plus $26,286.91 |
$572,985–$687,576 |
11.33% plus $52,573.82 |
$389,628–$467,553 |
11.33% plus $35,116.96 |
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$343,789–$572,980 |
12.43% plus $32,778.55 |
$687,577– $1 million |
12.43% plus $65,557.09 |
$467,554–$779,253 |
12.43% plus $43,945.98 |
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$572,981–$1 million |
13.53% plus $61,267.12 |
$1,000,001–$1,145,961 |
13.53% plus $104,391.39 |
$779,254– $1 million |
13.53% plus $82,690.29 |
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$1,000,001 and over |
14.63% plus $119,042.93 |
$1,145,962 and over |
14.630% plus $124,139.90 |
$1,000,001 and over |
14.63% plus $112,557.36 |
Source: California Withholding Schedules for 2019
Standard deduction
- $4,401 for single filers
- $8,802 for married filing jointly and head of household
Colorado
Colorado state tax rate for 2019: 4.63% flat tax
Colorado standard deduction: None
Connecticut
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Connecticut estimated income tax brackets for 2019
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Single and married filing separately |
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er) |
Head of household |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$0–$10,000 |
3% |
$0–$20,000 |
3% |
$0–$16,000 |
3% |
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$10,001–$50,000 |
5% plus $300 |
$20,001–$100,000 |
5% plus $600 |
$16,001–$80,000 |
5% plus $480 |
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$50,001–$100,000 |
5.5% plus $2,300 |
$100,001–$200,000 |
5.5% plus $4,600 |
$80,001–$160,000 |
5.5% plus $3,680 |
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$100,001–$200,000 |
6% plus $5,050 |
$200,001–$400,000 |
6% plus $10,100 |
$160,001–$320,000 |
6% plus $8,080 |
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$200,001–$250,000 |
6.5% plus $11,050 |
$400,001–$500,000 |
6.5% plus $22,100 |
$320,001–$400,000 |
6.5% plus $17,680 |
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$250,001–$500,000 |
6.9% plus $14,300 |
$500,001– $1 million |
6.9% plus $28,600 |
$400,001–$800,000 |
6.9% plus $22,880 |
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$500,001 and over |
6.99% plus $31,550 |
$1,000,001 and over |
6.99% plus $63,100 |
$800,001 and over |
6.99% plus $50,480 |
Source: 2019 Estimated Connecticut Income Tax Payment Coupon for Individuals
Standard deduction: None
Delaware
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Delaware estimated income tax brackets for 2019 |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate |
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$2,001–$5,000 |
2.2% |
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$5,001–$10,000 |
3.9% |
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$10,001–$20,000 |
4.8% |
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$20,001–$25,000 |
5.2% |
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$25,001–$60,000 |
5.55% |
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$60,001 and over |
6.6% |
Source: Delaware Declaration of Estimated Tax for Individuals
Standard deduction
- $3,250 for single, widow(er), head of household or married/civil union filing separately
- $6,500 for married filing jointly/civil union filing jointly
District of Columbia
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District of Columbia tax rates and brackets for 2019 |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$0–$10,000 |
4% of taxable income |
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$10,001–$40,000 |
6% plus $400 |
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$40,001–$60,000 |
6.5% plus $2,200 |
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$60,001–$350,000 |
8.5% plus $3,500 |
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$350,001–$1 million |
8.75% plus $28,150 |
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$1,000,001 and over |
8.95% plus $85,025 |
Source: District of Columbia Office of Tax and Revenue
Standard deduction: Matches federal standard deductions for 2019
How does filing status affect my tax bill?
The filing status you choose can affect when you move into a higher tax bracket, and affect tax deductions and tax credits you might be eligible to claim.
Georgia
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Georgia state tax rates and brackets for 2019
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Single |
Married filing jointly and head of household |
Married filing separately |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$0–$750 |
1% |
$0–$1,000 |
1% |
$0–$500 |
1% |
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$751–$2,250 |
2% plus $7.50 |
$1,001–$3,000 |
2% plus $10 |
$501–$1,500 |
2% plus $5 |
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$2,251–$3,750 |
3% plus $37.50 |
$3,001–$5,000 |
3% plus $50 |
$1,501–$2,500 |
3% plus $25 |
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$3,751–$5,250 |
4% plus $82.50 |
$5,001–$7,000 |
4% plus $110 |
$2,501–$3,500 |
4% plus $55 |
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$5,251–$7,000 |
5% plus $142.50 |
$7,001–$10,000 |
5% plus $190 |
$3,501–$5,000 |
5% plus $95 |
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$7,001 and over |
5.75% plus $230 |
$10,001 and over |
5.75% plus $340 |
$5,001 and over |
5.75% plus $170 |
Source: Georgia House Bill 918
Standard deduction
- $4,600 for single or head of household
- $3,000 for married filing separately
- $6,000 for married filing jointly
Hawaii
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Hawaii state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
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Single, married filing separately |
Head of household |
Married filing jointly and certain widow(er)s |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$0–$2,400 |
1.40% |
$0–$3,600 |
1.40% |
$0–$4,800 |
1.40% |
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$2,401–$4,800 |
3.20% plus $34 |
$3,601–$7,200 |
3.20% plus $50 |
$4,801–$9,600 |
3.20% plus $67 |
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$4,801–$9,600 |
5.5% plus $110 |
$7,201–$14,400 |
5.5% plus $166 |
$9,601–$19,200 |
5.5% plus $221 |
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$9,601–$14,400 |
6.4% plus $374 |
$14,401–$21,600 |
6.4% plus $562 |
$19,201–$28,800 |
6.4% plus $749 |
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$14,401–$19,200 |
6.8% plus $682 |
$21,601–$28,800 |
6.8% plus $1,022 |
$28,801–$38,400 |
6.8% plus $1,363 |
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$19,201–$24,000 |
7.2% plus $1,008 |
$28,801–$36,000 |
7.2% plus $1,512 |
$38,401–$48,000 |
7.2% plus $2,016 |
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$24,001–$36,000 |
7.6% plus $1,354 |
$36,001–$54,000 |
7.6% plus $2,030 |
$48,001–$72,000 |
7.6% plus $2,707 |
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$36,001–$48,000 |
7.9% plus $2,266 |
$54,001–$72,000 |
7.9% plus $3,398 |
$72,001–$96,000 |
7.9% plus $4,531 |
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$48,001–$150,000 |
8.25% plus $3,214 |
$72,001–$225,000 |
8.25% plus $4,820 |
$96,001–$300,000 |
8.25% plus $6,427 |
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$150,001–$175,000 |
9% plus $11,629 |
$225,001–$262,500 |
9% plus $17,443 |
$300,001–$350,000 |
9% plus $23,257 |
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$175,001–$200,000 |
10% plus $13,879 |
$262,501–$300,000 |
10% plus $20,818 |
$350,001– $400,000 |
10% plus $27,757 |
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$200,001 and over |
11% plus $16,379 |
$300,001 and over |
11% plus $24,568 |
$400,001 and over |
11% plus $32,757 |
Source: State of Hawaii Declaration of Estimated Income Tax for Individuals
Standard deduction
- $4,400 for married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er)
- $3,212 for head of household
- $2,200 for single or married filing separately
Idaho
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Idaho state tax rates and brackets for 2019 |
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Single |
Married |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$1–$1,540 |
1.125% |
$1–$3,081 |
1.125% |
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$1,541–$3,080 |
3.125% plus $17.33 |
$3,082–$6,161 |
3.125% plus $34.66 |
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$3,081–$4,621 |
3.625% plus $65.47 |
$6,162–$9,243 |
3.625% plus $130.94 |
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$4,622–$6,161 |
4.625% plus $121.32 |
$9,244–$12,323 |
4.625% plus $242.64 |
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$6,162–$7,702 |
5.625% plus $192.57 |
$12,324–$15,405 |
5.625% plus $385.14 |
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$7,703–$11,553 |
6.625% plus $279.22 |
$15,406–$23,107 |
6.625% plus $558.44 |
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$11,554 and over |
6.925% plus $543.37 |
$23,108 and over |
6.925% plus $1,068.74 |
Source: Idaho State Tax Commission
Standard deduction: Matches federal standard deductions for 2019
Illinois
The Land of Lincoln has a flat tax system, with a rate of 4.95% on net income in 2019 for all taxpayers. There’s no state-level standard deduction, but Illinois does allow taxpayers to claim a personal exemption of $2,275.
Indiana
The Hoosier State charges taxpayers a flat income tax rate of 3.23% on adjusted gross income, regardless of income level or filing status. And there’s no standard deduction.
Learn about how flat income taxes workIowa
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Iowa state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$1–$1,638 |
0.33% |
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$1,639–$3,276 |
0.67% plus $5.41 |
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$3,277–$6,552 |
2.25% plus $16.38 |
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$6,553–$14,742 |
4.14% plus $90.09 |
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$14,743–$24,570 |
5.63% plus $429.16 |
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$24,571–$32,760 |
5.96% plus $982.48 |
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$32,761–$49,140 |
6.25% plus $1,470.60 |
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$49,141–$73,710 |
7.44% plus $2,494.35 |
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$73,711 and over |
8.53% plus $4,322.36 |
Source: Iowa Department of Revenue
Standard deduction
- $2,080 for single and married filing separately
- $5,120 for married filing jointly
Kansas
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Kansas state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
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Married filing jointly |
Other filing statuses |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
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$0–$30,000 |
3.1% |
$0–$15,000 |
3.1% |
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$30,001–$60,000 |
5.25% plus $930 |
$15,001–$30,000 |
5.25% plus $465 |
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$60,001 and over |
5.7% plus $2,505 |
$30,001 and over |
5.7% plus $1,252.50 |
Source: Kansas Department of Revenue
Standard deduction
- $3,000 for single filers
- $3,750 for married filing separately
- $5,500 for head of household
- $7,500 for married filing jointly
Kentucky
The Bluegrass State has a flat tax system, charging 5% on taxable income in 2019. The commonwealth’s standard deduction is $2,590 for 2019.
Louisiana
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Louisiana state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
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Single, married filing separately, head of household |
Married filing jointly, and qualified widow(er)s |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate |
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
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$0–$12,500 |
2% |
$0–$25,000 |
2% |
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$12,501–$50,000 |
4% |
$25,001–$100,000 |
4% |
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$50,001 and over |
6% |
$100,001 and over |
6% |
Source: Louisiana Department of Revenue
Standard deduction: Here are the combined personal exemption and standard deduction amounts for the 2018 tax year (these amounts could change for 2019).
- $4,500 for single and married filing separately
- $9,000 for married filing jointly, qualifying surviving spouses and heads of household
Maine
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Maine state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019
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Married filing jointly and surviving spouses
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Head of household |
Single and married filing separately |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$43,699 |
5.8% |
$0–$32,749 |
5.8% |
$0–$21,849 |
5.8% |
|
$43,700–$103,399 |
6.75% plus $2,535 |
$32,750–$77,549 |
6.75% plus $1,900 |
$21,850–$51,699 |
6.75% plus $1,267 |
|
$103,400 and over |
7.15% plus $6,565 |
$77,550 and over |
7.15% plus $4,924 |
$51,700 and over |
7.15% plus $3,282 |
Source: State of Maine
Standard deduction: Matches federal standard deductions for 2019
Maryland
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Maryland state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
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Single, married filing separately, dependent taxpayers |
Married filing jointly, qualified widow(er) and head of household |
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Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$1,000 |
2% |
$0–$1,000 |
2% |
|
$1,001–$2,000 |
3% plus $20 |
$1,001–$2,000 |
3% plus $20 |
|
$2,001–$3,000 |
4% plus $50 |
$2,001–$3,000 |
4% plus $50 |
|
$3,001–$100,000 |
4.75% plus $90 |
$3,001–$150,000 |
4.75% plus $90 |
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$100,001–$125,000 |
5% plus $4,697.50 |
$150,001–$175,000 |
5% plus $7,072.50 |
|
$125,001–$150,000 |
5.25% plus $5,947.50 |
$175,001–$225,000 |
5.25% plus $8,322.50 |
|
$150,001–$250,000 |
5.5% plus $7,260 |
$225,001–$300,000 |
5.5% plus $10,947.50 |
|
$250,001 and over |
5.75% plus $12,760 |
$300,001 and over |
5.75% plus $15,072.50 |
Source: Maryland Payment Voucher Worksheet for Estimated Tax and Extension Payments
Standard deduction
- $2,250 for single filers
- $4,550 for heads of household, surviving spouse and married filing jointly
These deduction amounts could change for 2019.
Massachusetts
The Bay State’s income tax rate is 5.05% for all residents, regardless of income and filing status.
Massachusetts allows personal exemptions to anyone who files a commonwealth tax return, regardless of whether they qualify for a personal exemption on their federal return. Here are those exemption amounts.
- $4,400 for single and married filing separately
- $6,800 for head of household
- $8,800 for married filing jointly
Michigan
The Great Lakes State has a flat tax system. In 2019, the tax rate is 4.25% for all taxpayers on income tax. Michigan allows standard deductions only for taxpayers who are 67 or older. For qualifying single filers and those married filing separately, the deduction is $20,000; for those married filing jointly it’s $40,000. But the state also offers a personal exemption, which is $4,400.
Minnesota
|
Minnesota state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
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|
Single |
Head of household |
Married filing jointly |
Married filing separately |
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|
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
|
$0–$26,520 |
5.35% |
$0–$32,650 |
5.35% |
$0–$38,770 |
5.35% |
$0–$19,390 |
5.35% |
|
$26,521–$87,110 |
7.05% |
$32,651–$131,190 |
7.05% |
$38,771–$154,020 |
7.05% |
$19,391–$77,010 |
7.05% |
|
$87,111–$163,890 |
7.85% |
$131,191–$218,520 |
7.85% |
$154,021–$273,150 |
7.85% |
$77,011–$136,580 |
7.85% |
|
$163,891 and over |
9.85% |
$218,521 and over |
9.85% |
$273,151 and over |
9.85% |
$136,581 and over |
9.85% |
Source: Minnesota Department of Revenue
Standard deduction
- $6,650 for single and married filing separately
- $9,750 for head of household
- $13,300 for married filing jointly
Mississippi
|
Mississippi state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
|
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
|
$0–$1,000 |
0% |
|
$1,001–$5,000 |
3% |
|
$5,001–$10,000 |
4% |
|
$10,001 and over |
5% |
Source: Mississippi Department of Revenue
Standard deduction
- $4,600 for married filing jointly or surviving spouse/qualifying window(er)
- $3,400 for head of household
- $2,300 for single and married filing separately
Missouri
|
Missouri state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
|
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
|
$105–$1,053 |
1.5% |
|
$1,054–$2,106 |
2% plus $16 |
|
$2,107–$3,159 |
2.5% plus $37 |
|
$3,160–$4,212 |
3% plus $63 |
|
$4,213–$5,265 |
3.5% plus $95 |
|
$5,266–$6,318 |
4% plus $132 |
|
$6,319–$7,371 |
4.5% plus $174 |
|
$7,372–$8,424 |
5% plus $221 |
|
$8,425 and over |
5.4% plus $274 |
Source: 2019 Missouri Declaration of Estimated Tax for Individuals
Standard deduction
- $12,200 for married filing jointly with working spouse and surviving spouse/qualifying widower
- $18,350 for head of household
- $24,400 for married filing jointly with nonworking spouse
- $12,200 for single and married filing separately
Montana
|
Montana state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019
|
|
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate |
|
$0–$3,000 |
1% |
|
$3,001–$5,200 |
2% and subtract $30 |
|
$5,201–$8,000 |
3% and subtract $82 |
|
$8,001–$10,800 |
4% and subtract $162 |
|
$10,801–$13,900 |
5% and subtract $270 |
|
$13,901–$17,900 |
6% and subtract $409 |
|
$17,901 and over |
6.9% and subtract $570 |
Source: Montana Department of Revenue
Standard deduction
The state allows a standard deduction of 20% of Montana adjusted gross income, up to a maximum of …
- $4,580 for single filers (minimum of $2,030)
- $9,160 for joint filers or head of household (minimum of $4,060)
Nebraska
|
Nebraska estimated tax rate schedules for 2019
|
|||||
|
Single and married filing separately |
Married filing jointly and surviving spouses |
Head of household |
|||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$3,230 |
2.46% |
$0–$6,440 |
2.46% |
$0–$6,020 |
2.46% |
|
$3,231–$19,330 |
3.51% plus $79.46 |
$6,441–$38,680 |
3.51% plus $158.42 |
$6,021–$30,940 |
3.51% plus $148.09 |
|
$19,331–$31,160 |
5.01% plus $644.57 |
$38,681–$62,320 |
5.01% plus $1,290.04 |
$30,941–$46,200 |
5.01% plus $1,022.78 |
|
$31,161 and over |
6.84% plus $1,237.25 |
$62,321 and over |
6.84% plus $2,474.40 |
$46,201 and over |
6.84% plus $1,787.31 |
Source: 2019 Nebraska Individual Estimated Income Tax Payment Vouchers
Standard deduction
- $13,800 for married filing jointly
- $10,100 for head of household
- $6,900 for single and married filing separately
New Jersey
|
New Jersey state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
|||
|
Single, married (or civil union partner) filing separately |
Married or civil union couples filing jointly, heads of household, qualified widow(er)s, surviving civil union partners |
||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$20,000 |
1.4% |
$0–$20,000 |
1.4% |
|
$20,001–$35,000 |
1.75% minus $70 |
$20,001–$50,000 |
1.75% minus $70 |
|
$35,001–$40,000 |
3.5% minus $682.50 |
$50,001–$70,000 |
2.45% minus $420 |
|
$40,001–$75,000 |
5.525% minus $1,492.50 |
$70,001–$80,000 |
3.5% minus $1,154.50 |
|
$75,001–$500,000 |
6.37% minus $2,126.25 |
$80,001–$150,000 |
5.525% minus $2,775 |
|
$500,001–$5 million |
8.97% minus $15,126.25 |
$150,001–$500,000 |
6.37% minus $4,042.50 |
|
$5,000,001 and over |
11.8% |
$500,001–$5 million |
8.97% minus $17,042.50 |
|
$5,000,001 and over |
11.8% |
||
Source: New Jersey Form 1040-ES for 2019
New Jersey doesn’t have a standard deduction, but filers are allowed to take exemptions. Here were the exemptions for 2018.
- $1,000 for the primary filer
- $1,000 for spouses, civil union partners or domestic partners
- $2,000 total for filers 65 and older, and their spouses or civil union partners, and for blind or disabled filers and their spouse or civil union partners
- $3,000 for veterans and their spouses or civil union partners
- $1,500 for each qualified dependent child or other dependents (except those attending college, whose exemption amount is $1,000)
New Mexico
|
Single filers, estates and trusts |
Married filing separately |
Married filing jointly, head of household and surviving spouses |
|||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0-$5,500 |
1.7% |
$0-$4,000 |
1.7% |
$0-$8,000 |
1.7% |
|
$5,501-$11,000 |
3.2% plus $93.50 |
$4,001-$8,000 |
3.2% plus $68 |
$8,001-$16,000 |
3.2% plus $136 |
|
$11,001-$16,000 |
4.7% plus $269.50 |
$8,001-$12,000 |
4.7% plus $196 |
$16,001-$24,000 |
4.7% plus $392 |
|
$16,001 and more |
5.7% plus $504.50 |
$12,001 and more |
4.9% plus $384 |
$24,001 and more |
4.9% plus $768 |
Source: State of New Mexico
Standard deduction: Matches federal standard deductions for 2019
New York
|
New York state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019
|
|||||
|
Married filing jointly and qualifying widow(er)s
|
Single and married filing separately |
Head of household |
|||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$17,150 |
4% |
$0–$8,500 |
4% |
$0–$12,800 |
4% |
|
$17,151–$23,600 |
4.5% plus $686 |
$8,501–$11,700 |
4.5% plus $340 |
$12,801–$17,650 |
4.5% plus $512 |
|
$23,601–$27,900 |
5.25% plus $976 |
$11,701–$13,900 |
5.25% plus $484 |
$17,651–$20,900 |
5.25% plus $730 |
|
$27,901–$43,000 |
5.9% plus $1,202 |
$13,901–$21,400 |
5.9% plus $600 |
$20,901–$32,200 |
5.9% plus $901 |
|
$43,001–$161,550 |
6.21% plus $2,093 |
$21,401–$80,650 |
6.21% plus $1,042 |
$32,201–$107,650 |
6.21% plus $1,568 |
|
$161,551–$323,200 |
6.49% plus $9,455 |
$80,651–$215,400 |
6.49% plus $4,721 |
$107,651–$269,300 |
6.49% plus $6,253 |
|
$323,201–$2,155,350 |
6.85% plus $19,946 |
$215,401–$1,077,550 |
6.85% plus $13,467 |
$269,301–$1,616,450 |
6.85% plus $16,744 |
|
$2,155,351 and over |
8.82% plus $145,448 |
$1,077,551 and over |
8.82% plus $72,524 |
$1,616,451 and over |
8.82% plus $109,024 |
Source: New York State Estimated Tax Payment Voucher for Individuals
Standard deduction
- $8,000 for single filers and married filing separately
- $3,100 for single filers claimed as a dependent on another filer’s return
- $16,050 for married filing jointly and qualifying widow(er)s
- $11,200 for head of household
North Carolina
The Tar Heel State has a flat tax system, with a tax rate of 5.25% for individual income in 2019.
Standard deduction
- $10,000 for single filers and married filing separately
- $15,000 for heads of household
- $20,000 for married filing jointly and qualifying widow(er)s/surviving spouses
North Dakota
|
North Dakota state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019
|
|||||||
|
Single |
Married filing jointly and qualifying widow(er)s |
Married filing separately |
Head of household |
||||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$39,450 |
1.10% |
$0–$65,900 |
1.10% |
$0–$32,950 |
1.10% |
$0–$52,850 |
1.10% |
|
$39,451–$95,500 |
2.04% plus $433.95 |
$65,901–$159,200 |
2.04% plus $724.90 |
$32,951–$79,600 |
2.04% plus $362.45 |
$52,851–$136,450 |
2.04% plus $581.35 |
|
$95,501–$199,250 |
2.27% plus $1,577.37 |
$159,201–$242,550 |
2.27% plus $2,628.22 |
$79,601–$121,275 |
2.27% plus $1,314.11 |
$136,451–$220,900 |
2.27% plus $2,286.79 |
|
$199,251–$433,200 |
2.64% plus $3,932.50 |
$242,551–$433,200 |
2.64% plus $4,520.27 |
$121,276–$216,600 |
2.64% plus $2,260.13 |
$220,901–$433,200 |
2.64% plus $4,203.81 |
|
$433,201 and over |
2.9% plus $10,108.78 |
$433,201 and over |
2.9% plus $9,553.43 |
$216,601 and over |
2.9% plus $4,776.71 |
$433,201 and over |
2.9% plus $9,808.53 |
Source: North Dakota Estimate Income Tax Voucher
Standard deduction: None
Ohio
|
Ohio state tax estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
|
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$10,850 |
0% |
|
$10,851–$16,300 |
1.980% plus $80.56 |
|
$16,301–$21,750 |
2.476% plus $188.47 |
|
$21,751–$43,450 |
2.969% plus $323.41 |
|
$43,451–$86,900 |
3.465% plus $967.68 |
|
$86,901–$108,700 |
3.960% plus $2,473.22 |
|
$108,701–$217,400 |
4.597% plus $3,336.50 |
|
$217,401 and over |
4.997% plus $8,333.44 |
Source: Ohio Estimated Tax Voucher for Individuals
Ohio does not have a standard deduction but does allow personal exemptions. The amount is graduated and based on your Ohio adjusted gross income. Exemption amounts ranged from $2,350 to $1,850 for 2018.
Oklahoma
|
Oklahoma state tax rates and brackets for 2019 |
|||
|
Single and married filing separately |
Married filing jointly, qualified widow(er)s and head of household |
||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$1,000 |
0.5% |
$0–$2,000 |
0.5% |
|
$1,001–$2,500 |
1% plus $5 |
$2,001–$5,000 |
1% plus $10 |
|
$2,501–$3,750 |
2% plus $20 |
$5,001–$7,500 |
2% plus $40 |
|
$3,751–$4,900 |
3% plus $45 |
$7,501–$9,800 |
3% plus $90 |
|
$4,901–$7,200 |
4% plus $79.50 |
$9,801–$12,200 |
4% plus $159 |
|
$7,201 and over |
5% plus $171.50 |
$12,201 and over |
5% plus $255 |
Source: Oklahoma Tax Commission
Standard deduction
- $12,700 for married filing jointly and surviving spouses/qualifying widow(er)s
- $9,350 for head of household
- $6,350 for single and married filing separately
Oregon
|
Oregon state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
|||
|
Single and married filing separately |
Married filing jointly, head of household, qualifying widow(er)s |
||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$3,550 |
5% |
$0–$7,100 |
5% |
|
$3,551–$8,900 |
7% plus $178 |
$7,101–$17,800 |
7% plus $355 |
|
$8,901–$125,000 |
9% plus $552 |
$17,801–$250,000 |
9% plus $1,104 |
|
$125,001 and over |
9.9% plus $11,001 |
$250,001 and over |
9.9% plus $22,002 |
Source: Oregon 2019 Instructions for Estimated Income Tax
Standard deduction
- $2,270 for single or married filing separately
- $3,655 for head of household
- $4,545 for married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er)s
Pennsylvania
The commonwealth of Pennsylvania has a flat tax rate of 3.07% for individuals, regardless of income or filing status. There’s no standard deduction or personal exemption for the state’s income tax.
Rhode Island
|
Rhode Island state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
|
|
Taxable income |
Tax due |
|
$0–$64,050 |
3.75% |
|
$64,051–$145,600 |
4.75% plus $2,401.88 |
|
$145,601 and over |
5.99% plus $6,275.50 |
Source: Rhode Island Department of Revenue Division of Taxation
Standard deduction
- $8,750 for single and married filing separately
- $13,100 for head of household
- $17,500 for married filing jointly
There are also personal and dependency exemption amounts of $4,100. But standard deduction and exemption amounts are reduced for taxpayers with federal adjusted gross income between $203,850 and $227,050. If your income exceeds $227,050, you can’t claim the standard deduction or exemption amounts.
South Carolina
|
South Carolina tax estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
|
|
Taxable income |
Tax due |
|
$0–$3,029 |
0% |
|
$3,030–$6,059 |
3% minus $91 |
|
$6,060–$9,089 |
4% minus $152 |
|
$9,090–$12,119 |
5% minus $242 |
|
$12,120–$15,159 |
6% minus $364 |
|
$15,160 and over |
7% minus $515 |
Source: South Carolina Department of Revenue Estimated Tax Instructions
Standard deduction: Matches federal standard deductions for 2019
Utah
The Beehive State has a flat tax rate of 4.95% for all income levels and filers.
Standard deduction: Matches federal standard deductions for 2019
Vermont
|
Vermont state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019
|
|||||||
|
Single |
Married filing jointly |
Married filing separately |
Head of household |
||||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$39,600 |
3.35% |
$0–$66,150 |
3.35% |
$0–$33,075 |
3.35% |
$0–$53,100 |
3.35% |
|
$39,601–$96,000 |
6.6% plus $1,327 |
$66,151–$159,950 |
6.6% plus $2,216 |
$33,076–$79,975 |
6.6% plus $1,108 |
$53,101–$137,050 |
6.6% plus $1,779 |
|
$96,001–$200,200 |
7.6% plus $5,049 |
$159,951–$243,750 |
7.6% plus $8,407 |
$79,976–$121,875 |
7.6% plus $4,203 |
$137,051–$221,950 |
7.6% plus $7,320 |
|
$200,201 and over |
8.75% plus $12,968 |
$243,751 and over |
8.75% plus $14,776 |
$121,876 and over |
8.75% plus $7,388 |
$221,951 and over |
8.75% plus $13,772 |
Source: Vermont Individual Income Estimated Tax Payment Voucher
Standard deduction as of 2018
- $6,000 for single and married filing separately
- $9,000 for head of household
- $12,000 for married filing jointly and surviving spouse
Virginia
|
Virginia state tax rates and tax brackets for 2019 |
|
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$3,000 or less |
2% |
|
$3,001–$5,000 |
3% plus $60 |
|
$5,001–$17,000 |
5% plus $120 |
|
$17,001 and over |
5.75% plus $720 |
Source: Virginia Tax Rate Schedule
Standard deduction
- $4,500 for single filers and those married filing separately
- $9,000 for those married filing jointly or a combined return
West Virginia
|
West Virginia state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019
|
|||
|
Single, married filing jointly, head of household and qualifying widow(er)s |
Married filing separately |
||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$9,999 |
3% |
$0–$4,999 |
3% |
|
$10,000–$24,999 |
4% plus $300 |
$5,000–$12,499 |
4% plus $150 |
|
$25,000–$39,999 |
4.5% plus $900 |
$12,500–$19,999 |
4.5% plus $450 |
|
$40,000–$59,999 |
6% plus $1,575 |
$20,000–$29,999 |
6% plus $787.50 |
|
$60,000 and over |
6.5% plus $2,775 |
$30,000 and over |
6.5% plus $1,387.50 |
Source: West Virginia Instructions for Making Estimated Tax Payments
West Virginia has no standard deduction but does allow personal exemptions. For 2018, personal exemption amounts were $2,000 per allowed exemption or $500 for dependents claimed on someone else’s return.
Wisconsin
|
Wisconsin state estimated tax rate schedules for 2019 |
|||||
|
Single and head of household |
Married filing jointly |
Married filing separately |
|||
|
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
Taxable income |
Tax rate and tax due |
|
$0–$11,760 |
4% |
$0–$15,680 |
4% |
$0–$7,840 |
4% |
|
$11,761–$23,520 |
5.84% plus $470.40 |
$15,681–$31,360 |
5.84% plus $627.20 |
$7,841–$15,680 |
5.84% plus $313.60 |
|
$23,521–$258,950 |
6.27% plus $1,157.18 |
$31,361–$345,270 |
6.27% plus $1,542.91 |
$15,681–$172,630 |
6.27% plus $771.46 |
|
$258,951 and over |
7.65% plus $15,918.65 |
$345,271 and over |
7.65% plus $21,225.07 |
$172,631 and over |
7.65% plus $10,612.22 |
Source: Wisconsin Instructions for Estimated Income Tax
Wisconsin’s standard deduction amount depends on your Wisconsin income and filing status. Deduction amounts are reduced within a certain income range and eliminated when income exceeds the higher end of the range.
Bottom line
Each state makes its own rules for the types and amounts of taxes they will levy, including personal income taxes. Your federal income tax obligation is only part of your bigger tax picture. Understanding how (or if) your state taxes your income can help you get a picture of your overall financial situation each year.
Christina Taylor is senior manager of tax operations for Credit Karma. She has more than a dozen years of experience in tax, accounting and business operations. Christina founded her own accounting consultancy and managed it for more than six years. She codeveloped an online DIY tax-preparation product, serving as chief operating officer for seven years. She is an Enrolled Agent and the current treasurer of the National Association of Computerized Tax Processors and holds a bachelor’s degree in business administration/accounting from Baker College and an MBA from Meredith College. You can find her on LinkedIn.